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KN, p. 167 “What does a U.S. Marshal do?”
The U.S. Marshals Service (USMS) has been around for over 230 years, created by the first Congress to protect/serve the federal courts and make sure the orders of the President, Congress, and Judges were carried out across the United States. It is the country’s oldest federal law enforcement agency.
I never thought of US Marshals as census takers, but up until 1870 they did that in addition to arresting fugitives and serving subpoenas. Over the years they have also been asked by Congress and the President to capture fugitive slaves, swap spies with the Soviet Union, chase the bad guys, control riots – the basic idea being to help the government run more smoothly when nobody else has been quite qualified to do the job across State lines.
An interesting aspect of their history is that at first, US Marshals answered to the Secretary of State. In 1861, they fell under the Attorney General’s office and then in 1961, became an entity of their own with a Chief Marshal in charge. It has always been the enforcement arm of the federal courts and operates within the Department of Justice.
The 94 US Marshals are appointed by the President and handle the enforcement duties for the 94 federal court districts and the 12 circuits of the US Court of Appeals. They employ over 5,200 deputy Marshals, criminal investigators, administrative employees, and detention enforcement officers. They are in charge of:
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- Fugitive Operations
- Asset Forfeiture
- Prisoner Transportation
- Witness Security
- Coordinates security for judicial conferences.
- Protects Supreme Court justices and the deputy Attorney General outside of Washington.
- Provides support to the Department of State Diplomatic Security Service with protective details for foreign officials while the U.N. is in session.
- Manages the security services that provide court security officers who screen visitors at building entrances.
- Provides information to federal, state, local, and international law enforcement partners about judicial security, including threat assessment and training.
- Qualifications and training needed to become a US Marshal
- WitSec
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